{"id":42255,"date":"2026-11-10T14:10:44","date_gmt":"2026-11-10T14:10:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/?p=42255"},"modified":"2026-11-10T14:10:47","modified_gmt":"2026-11-10T14:10:47","slug":"une-declaration-a-la-tribune-du-parlement-suffit-elle-a-mettre-fin-au-mandat-dun-depute-la-demission-de-biram-met-a-lepreuve-la-procedure-juridique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/?p=42255","title":{"rendered":"Une d\u00e9claration \u00e0 la tribune du Parlement suffit-elle \u00e0 mettre fin au mandat d\u2019un d\u00e9put\u00e9 ? La d\u00e9mission de Biram met \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve la proc\u00e9dure juridique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631-1024x682-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631-1024x682-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631-1024x682-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631-1024x682-1-767x511.jpg 767w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">arriyada : L\u2019annonce par le d\u00e9put\u00e9 Biram Dah Abeid de sa d\u00e9mission de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale, lors d\u2019une s\u00e9ance publique, ne constitue pas un simple acte politique sans port\u00e9e institutionnelle. Elle soul\u00e8ve plut\u00f4t plusieurs interrogations d\u2019ordre juridique et institutionnel concernant les proc\u00e9dures cons\u00e9cutives \u00e0 une telle d\u00e9cision, l\u2019autorit\u00e9 habilit\u00e9e \u00e0 constater la vacance du si\u00e8ge parlementaire et le m\u00e9canisme l\u00e9gal permettant de d\u00e9terminer le d\u00e9put\u00e9 appel\u00e9 \u00e0 lui succ\u00e9der.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans cette analyse, nous tentons d\u2019appr\u00e9hender cette question sous ses diff\u00e9rents aspects juridiques et proc\u00e9duraux, en examinant les textes qui r\u00e9gissent la d\u00e9mission des d\u00e9put\u00e9s, en distinguant l\u2019annonce publique d\u2019une d\u00e9mission de l\u2019accomplissement des formalit\u00e9s l\u00e9gales qui lui donnent effet, ainsi qu\u2019en mettant en lumi\u00e8re le r\u00f4le de la pr\u00e9sidence de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale et des autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes dans la constatation de la vacance du si\u00e8ge et les modalit\u00e9s de remplacement du d\u00e9put\u00e9 d\u00e9missionnaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette question rev\u00eat une importance particuli\u00e8re dans la mesure o\u00f9 la fin d\u2019un mandat parlementaire ne r\u00e9sulte pas du simple fait de l\u2019annonce d\u2019une d\u00e9cision politique. Elle est soumise \u00e0 des r\u00e8gles et \u00e0 des proc\u00e9dures institutionnelles visant \u00e0 garantir le respect de la loi et la continuit\u00e9 de la repr\u00e9sentation parlementaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019annonce de Biram depuis l\u2019h\u00e9micycle de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale soul\u00e8ve une question juridique fondamentale : celle de la distinction entre l\u2019expression publique de la volont\u00e9 de d\u00e9missionner et l\u2019accomplissement des formalit\u00e9s officielles entra\u00eenant la cessation du mandat parlementaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En effet, la simple d\u00e9claration d\u2019un d\u00e9put\u00e9 devant ses coll\u00e8gues et les m\u00e9dias ne saurait \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e automatiquement comme entra\u00eenant la vacance de son si\u00e8ge. Le r\u00e8glement int\u00e9rieur de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale pr\u00e9voit une proc\u00e9dure sp\u00e9cifique en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9mission des d\u00e9put\u00e9s, qui commence par la pr\u00e9sentation d\u2019une d\u00e9mission au pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019article 9 du r\u00e8glement int\u00e9rieur encadre cette proc\u00e9dure en pr\u00e9cisant les modalit\u00e9s de r\u00e9ception de la d\u00e9mission et d\u2019information de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e ou de son Bureau, selon que celle-ci intervient pendant ou en dehors des sessions parlementaires, avant l\u2019accomplissement des formalit\u00e9s relatives \u00e0 la constatation de la vacance du si\u00e8ge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00e8s lors, la question qui se pose dans le cas de Biram n\u2019est pas seulement de savoir pourquoi il a annonc\u00e9 sa d\u00e9mission, mais \u00e9galement de d\u00e9terminer s\u2019il est effectivement pass\u00e9 de l\u2019annonce politique \u00e0 l\u2019engagement de la proc\u00e9dure juridique officielle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les dispositions r\u00e9gissant la d\u00e9mission conf\u00e8rent au pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale un r\u00f4le central dans le suivi de cette proc\u00e9dure institutionnelle, en tant qu\u2019autorit\u00e9 charg\u00e9e de recevoir la d\u00e9mission et d\u2019engager les d\u00e9marches qui en d\u00e9coulent, conform\u00e9ment au r\u00e8glement int\u00e9rieur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La position de la pr\u00e9sidence de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e rev\u00eat ainsi une importance particuli\u00e8re dans les prochaines \u00e9tapes. Il convient notamment de v\u00e9rifier si la d\u00e9mission a \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement d\u00e9pos\u00e9e et de suivre les d\u00e9marches relatives \u00e0 la constatation de la vacance du si\u00e8ge ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 la notification des autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sur le plan juridique, cela ne signifie pas que la d\u00e9mission doit n\u00e9cessairement \u00eatre soumise au vote des d\u00e9put\u00e9s ou \u00e0 l\u2019approbation de la majorit\u00e9 politique. Les effets juridiques de cette d\u00e9cision sont plut\u00f4t r\u00e9gis par la proc\u00e9dure d\u00e9finie dans les textes encadrant le fonctionnement du Parlement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Parmi les questions qui se poseront apr\u00e8s l\u2019accomplissement des formalit\u00e9s de d\u00e9mission figure celle de l\u2019identit\u00e9 du d\u00e9put\u00e9 appel\u00e9 \u00e0 succ\u00e9der \u00e0 Biram au sein de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, il convient de se r\u00e9f\u00e9rer \u00e0 la nature de la liste \u00e9lectorale sur laquelle le d\u00e9put\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lu, ainsi qu\u2019aux dispositions du Code \u00e9lectoral relatives au remplacement des d\u00e9put\u00e9s en cas de vacance d\u2019un si\u00e8ge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En effet, l\u2019article 48 de la Constitution mauritanienne renvoie \u00e0 la loi organique la d\u00e9termination des modalit\u00e9s de remplacement des d\u00e9put\u00e9s en cas de vacances de leur si\u00e8ge. Cela signifie que la d\u00e9signation du successeur ne rel\u00e8ve ni de consid\u00e9rations politiques ni de choix arbitraires, mais doit se conformer aux dispositions \u00e9lectorales et juridiques applicables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Par cons\u00e9quent, l\u2019identification du candidat appel\u00e9 \u00e0 occuper le si\u00e8ge n\u00e9cessite de d\u00e9terminer l\u2019ordre des candidats susceptibles d\u2019\u00eatre appel\u00e9s \u00e0 remplacer le d\u00e9put\u00e9 d\u00e9missionnaire sur la liste concern\u00e9e, tout en v\u00e9rifiant qu\u2019ils remplissent les conditions l\u00e9gales requises.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un autre aspect m\u00e9rite \u00e9galement d\u2019\u00eatre clarifi\u00e9 : la distinction entre la d\u00e9mission du mandat parlementaire et la d\u00e9mission du parti politique au nom duquel le d\u00e9put\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ces deux situations reposent sur des fondements juridiques diff\u00e9rents et entra\u00eenent des cons\u00e9quences distinctes. La loi organique n\u00b0 2018-006 comporte une disposition sp\u00e9cifique relative \u00e0 la d\u00e9mission d\u2019un d\u00e9put\u00e9 du parti au nom duquel il a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lu, disposition qui pr\u00e9voit la perte de son si\u00e8ge de plein droit, conform\u00e9ment aux conditions qu\u2019elle fixe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En revanche, la situation annonc\u00e9e par Biram, \u00e0 savoir sa d\u00e9mission du mandat parlementaire lui-m\u00eame, rel\u00e8ve de la proc\u00e9dure sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 la d\u00e9mission d\u2019un d\u00e9put\u00e9. Il importe donc de ne pas confondre ces deux situations lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit de d\u00e9terminer le statut juridique du si\u00e8ge parlementaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En d\u00e9finitive, l\u2019annonce politique ne suffit pas, \u00e0 elle seule, \u00e0 trancher la question du statut juridique du mandat de Biram Dah Abeid. La r\u00e9ponse d\u00e9pendra des d\u00e9marches officielles entreprises aupr\u00e8s de la pr\u00e9sidence de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale, de la v\u00e9rification du d\u00e9p\u00f4t de la d\u00e9mission dans les formes requises, ainsi que des mesures que prendront les autorit\u00e9s comp\u00e9tentes concernant la constatation de la vacance du si\u00e8ge et le remplacement de son titulaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ainsi, cette affaire soumet la proc\u00e9dure juridique r\u00e9gissant la d\u00e9mission des d\u00e9put\u00e9s \u00e0 une mise \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve concr\u00e8te et remet au centre du d\u00e9bat la question des rapports entre la volont\u00e9 individuelle du d\u00e9put\u00e9 et les r\u00e8gles institutionnelles encadrant la cessation du mandat parlementaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Entre l\u2019annonce de la d\u00e9mission \u00e0 la tribune du Parlement et la production de ses effets juridiques, il existe une proc\u00e9dure qui ne saurait \u00eatre \u00e9lud\u00e9e. C\u2019est son accomplissement qui permettra, en d\u00e9finitive, de d\u00e9terminer si le si\u00e8ge est effectivement devenu vacant et qui est l\u00e9galement habilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019occuper \u00e0 la place du d\u00e9put\u00e9 d\u00e9missionnaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u00e9daction : Bilal Aly Aamar Laabeid<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>arriyada : L\u2019annonce par le d\u00e9put\u00e9 Biram Dah Abeid de sa d\u00e9mission de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale, lors d\u2019une s\u00e9ance publique, ne constitue pas un simple acte politique sans port\u00e9e institutionnelle. Elle soul\u00e8ve plut\u00f4t plusieurs interrogations d\u2019ordre juridique et institutionnel concernant les proc\u00e9dures cons\u00e9cutives \u00e0 une telle d\u00e9cision, l\u2019autorit\u00e9 habilit\u00e9e \u00e0 constater la vacance du si\u00e8ge parlementaire [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":42256,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[412,2,1013,971],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42255","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-accueil","category-actualite","category-national","category-opinion"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Une d\u00e9claration \u00e0 la tribune du Parlement suffit-elle \u00e0 mettre fin au mandat d\u2019un d\u00e9put\u00e9 ? 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La d\u00e9mission de Biram met \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve la proc\u00e9dure juridique - Arriyada\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"arriyada : L\u2019annonce par le d\u00e9put\u00e9 Biram Dah Abeid de sa d\u00e9mission de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale, lors d\u2019une s\u00e9ance publique, ne constitue\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/?p=42255\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Arriyada\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-11-10T14:10:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-11-10T14:10:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631-1024x682-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"682\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"bilal aly\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"bilal aly\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/?p=42255#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/?p=42255\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"bilal aly\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/6c90bbed2c237e576d0082b956a30c2a\"},\"headline\":\"Une d\u00e9claration \u00e0 la tribune du Parlement suffit-elle \u00e0 mettre fin au mandat d\u2019un d\u00e9put\u00e9 ? 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