{"id":22513,"date":"2020-01-21T18:30:13","date_gmt":"2020-01-21T18:30:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/?p=22513"},"modified":"2020-01-21T18:30:16","modified_gmt":"2020-01-21T18:30:16","slug":"libye-les-engagements-fortuits-de-la-communaute-internationale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/?p=22513","title":{"rendered":"Libye: les engagements fortuits de la communaut\u00e9 internationale"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Onze \u00c9tats se sont engag\u00e9s \u00e0 ne plus interf\u00e9rer dans les affaires libyennes et \u00e0 respecter l\u2019embargo sur les livraisons d\u2019armes, mais sans pr\u00e9voir de sanctions en cas de violations. Aucun calendrier n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 fix\u00e9 pour transformer la tr\u00eave en cessez-le-feu. Tout y est. La d\u00e9claration commune en 55 points, adopt\u00e9e par onze \u00c9tats et quatre organisations internationales, dimanche 19 janvier, au sommet de Berlin, pr\u00e9voit un \u00ab\u00a0cessez-le-feu permanent<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb, le \u00ab\u00a0respect et l\u2019application\u00a0<\/em>\u00bb de l\u2019embargo sur les armes, la reprise du\u00a0\u00ab processus politique<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb sous l\u2019\u00e9gide de l\u2019ONU, la r\u00e9forme du secteur de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, des r\u00e9formes \u00e9conomique et financi\u00e8re et le respect du droit humanitaire et des droits de l\u2019homme. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e9sents \u00e0 Berlin, les deux protagonistes du conflit, Fayez Al Sarraj<\/a>, chef du gouvernement d\u2019union nationale (GNA) bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Tripoli et Khalifa Haftar<\/a>, l\u2019homme fort de l\u2019est libyen bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Benghazi, ne se sont pas rencontr\u00e9s et n\u2019ont pas sign\u00e9 ce document, mais ils n\u2019ont rien fait pour s\u2019y opposer. \u00ab Un petit pas en avant<\/em> \u00bb a comment\u00e9 la chanceli\u00e8re Angela Merkel, satisfaite de pouvoir entretenir une lueur d\u2019espoir pour le r\u00e8glement d\u2019une crise vieille de bient\u00f4t neuf ans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ni calendrier, ni sanctions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Reste \u00e0 savoir si les engagements pris seront tenus, \u00e0 commencer par la transformation de la tr\u00eave, instaur\u00e9e depuis le 13 janvier, sous la pression de la Russie et de la Turquie, en cessez-le-feu et par le respect de l\u2019embargo sur les armes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le texte adopt\u00e9 \u00e0 Berlin ne fixe pas de calendrier pour une cessation des hostilit\u00e9s et ne pr\u00e9voit pas de sanctions en cas de violation de l\u2019embargo. \u00ab Les \u00c9mirats-Arabes-Unis, l\u2019\u00c9gypte, l\u2019Arabie saoudite et la France, principaux soutiens de Haftar avec la Russie, se sont oppos\u00e9s \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un m\u00e9canisme de sanctions qui aurait pour effet de geler la situation au d\u00e9triment du mar\u00e9chal<\/em> qui veut entrer dans Tripoli<\/em>, renverser le GNA et s\u2019imposer comme vainqueur politique <\/em>\u00bb affirme Jalel Harchaoui, chercheur \u00e0 l\u2019Institut Clingendael.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une commission militaire mixte pour mettre en \u0153uvre le cessez-le-feu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Seule avanc\u00e9e, \u2013 la formation d\u2019une commission militaire mixte, compos\u00e9e de cinq membres nomm\u00e9s par le GNA et de cinq autres d\u00e9sign\u00e9s par Haftar \u2013, ne pourra pas commencer \u00e0 travailler sur les modalit\u00e9s d\u2019un cessez-le-feu, tant que les parties bellig\u00e9rantes ne l\u2019auront pas formellement sign\u00e9. \u00ab Il est clair qu\u2019on n\u2019a pas r\u00e9ussi pour l\u2019instant \u00e0 lancer un dialogue s\u00e9rieux et stable \u00bb<\/em>, a soulign\u00e9 le chef de la diplomatie russe Sergue\u00ef Lavrov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sur le terrain, comme dans un monde parall\u00e8le, les deux camps ont profit\u00e9 de l\u2019accalmie dans les combats pour renforcer leurs positions. Dans la capitale libyenne, les forces pro-gouvernementales ont re\u00e7u des renforts d\u2019Ankara : des instructeurs militaires turcs, des combattants syriens et l\u2019installation d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de d\u00e9fense a\u00e9rienne et de brouillage. De nouvelles armes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 livr\u00e9es \u00e0 Benghazi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emmanuel Macron met en avant \u00ab la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la stabilit\u00e9 du Sahel \u00bb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Confront\u00e9s au repli am\u00e9ricain et \u00e0 la mont\u00e9e en puissance de la Turquie et de la Russie, parrains potentiels d\u2019un r\u00e8glement politique, les Europ\u00e9ens se sont efforc\u00e9s de pr\u00e9senter un front uni. Emmanuel Macron s\u2019est n\u00e9anmoins distingu\u00e9 en d\u00e9non\u00e7ant \u00ab l\u2019arriv\u00e9e de combattants syriens et \u00e9trangers dans la ville de Tripoli \u00bb <\/em>et en appelant de ses v\u0153ux le r\u00e9tablissement de \u00ab l\u2019ordre \u00bb <\/em>en Libye, <\/em>en lien avec la \u00ab s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la stabilit\u00e9 au Sahel \u00bb.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le pr\u00e9sident fran\u00e7ais n\u2019a pas mentionn\u00e9 les mercenaires russes, soudanais et tchadiens, engag\u00e9s au profit de Khalifa Haftar, et le blocage, samedi 18 janvier, par les forces pro-Haftar, des principaux terminaux p\u00e9troliers de l\u2019est de la Libye. Paris continue \u00e0 soutenir le mar\u00e9chal,consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un \u00ab acteur politique l\u00e9gitime <\/em>\u00bb et le meilleur garant d\u2019unepacification de la Libye.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Onze \u00c9tats se sont engag\u00e9s \u00e0 ne plus interf\u00e9rer dans les affaires libyennes et \u00e0 respecter l\u2019embargo sur les livraisons d\u2019armes, mais sans pr\u00e9voir de sanctions en cas de violations. Aucun calendrier n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 fix\u00e9 pour transformer la tr\u00eave en cessez-le-feu. Tout y est. La d\u00e9claration commune en 55 points, adopt\u00e9e par onze \u00c9tats et […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":22515,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-international"],"yoast_head":"\nLibye: les engagements fortuits de la communaut\u00e9 internationale - Arriyada<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/arriyada.net\/fr\/?p=22513\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Libye: les engagements fortuits de la communaut\u00e9 internationale - Arriyada\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Onze \u00c9tats se sont engag\u00e9s \u00e0 ne plus interf\u00e9rer dans les affaires libyennes et \u00e0 respecter l\u2019embargo sur les livraisons d\u2019armes, mais sans pr\u00e9voir de sanctions en cas de violations. 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